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Class 10th Science Chapter 09 Heredity and Evolution

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  Class 10 Science Notes Hello friends this article's for the class 10 Science Notes for all the time of the day and night at regards to your goals for all examination of the class 10 Science Notes This notes and to-dos on the class 10 practice session for the exams. To prepare the best education and practice questions about the exams are provided for educational purposes only the best education Zone provides the best possible way of life   Class 10    Science Notes 09 Heredity and Evolution 1. The transmission of characters from parent to their off springs is known as heredity. • The study of heredity and variations is known as genetics. • Clones are those organisms which are the carbon copies of one another. • Variation in sexually reproducing organisms are caused due to the following factors like environment, crossing over and recombination of genes and mutation. • The first study of inheritance was done by Gregor Mendel on garden pea. • Paired condition
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CLASS Xth CHAPTER 08 HOW DO ORGANISMS REPRODUCE

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 CLASS Xth SCIENCE
Hello dear student this article about the class Xth education for the subject Science...

 You must be read and preparation for the class Xth SCIENCE education and basically concept of the theoretical process of the science notes 
To be successful, you have to use each day as an opportunity to improve, to be better, to get a little bit closer to your goals. It might sound like a lot of work—and with a busy schedule, next to impossible. But the best part is, the more you accomplish, the more you’ll want to do, the higher you’ll want to reach

MARGDARSHAN TUTORIAL
           

        Science Class 10
           Chapter 08 
HOW DO ORGANISMS REPRODUCE

 1. The production of new organisms from the existing organisms  of the same species is Known as reproduction.

2. Asexual Reproduction : Modes of sexual reproduction used are binary fission, 
multiple fission, Budding, spore formation, regeneration, vegetative propagation, tissue 
culture, fragmentation 
3. Sexual Reproduction : In sexual reproduction, a male gamete (germ cells) fuses with a  femalegamete to form a new cell called ‘zygote’. 

 This zygote then grows and develop into a 
new organism in due course of time. 

 When male gamete and female gamete fuse, they form a zygote and the process is known as 
fertilization. 

 Fertilization is of two types :- External fertilization and Internal fertilization. 

 4. Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants :
Flower is meant essentially for sexual reproduction. 

 5.  Pollination is the process in which pollen grains are transferred from the anther to stigma 
of the carpel. It is of two types self pollination and cross-pollination. 

 6.  In the fertilization process primary endospermic nucleus is formed. 

 7.   After the fertilization process, ovary developes into the fruit whereas ovules into the 
seed. 

 8. Reproduction in Human Being : The sex organ in males are testes and ova in females. 

 9. Male reproductive organ consist of a pair of testes, vasdeferens, a pair of epididymis, a 
pair of ejaculatory duct, urethra, pairs of accessory gland. 

 10. Female reproductive part consist of a pair of ovaries, a pair of fallopian tube, ,uterus vagina, external genitalia, mammary glands and accessory glands. Ovary
produces the female gametes (eggs or ova) and female sex hormone (estrogen).

11. If sperms are present, fertilization of ovum takes place in the upper end of the  fallopiantube. 
12.  Bleeding accompanied by discharge of soft tissue lining the reproductive tract  ismenstrual flow. It last for 3-5 days. 
13. Secretory phase lasts for    12-14 days. 
14.  Fertilization process occurs in fallopian tube. In this process zygote is formed. In this process umbilica cord is produced which is attached to foetus. During this 

 15.  process two hormones are produced which are estrogen and progesterone.

 • Progesterone stops mensturation and prevents ovulation. The placenta protects the body 
against diseases. Due to contraction of uterine muscles young one is expelled and the 
phenomenon is called parturition. 

 • If the egg is not fertilized, it lives for about one day. Since the ovary releases one  egg every month, the uterus also prepares it self every month to recieve a fertilized egg. 

 • After the age of 45-50 years menses stop and process is called menopause. 

 • Fertility control can be done chemically, mechanically or surgically.

6. Reproductive Health Barrier methods

 (i) Mechanical barrier method:- They prevent contraception by preventing either sperms from  entering uterus or preventing implantation if fertilization has occurred.
The instruments are condom, cercival cap, diaphragm & ICDU method. 

 (ii) Hormonal method: They are used by women for suppressing the production of ovum. i.e. , 
oral pills, Implants morning after pills. 

 (iii) Chemical contraception: They are creams, jellies and foaming tables which are placed in 
vagina for killing the sperms at the time of coitus. 

 (iv) Surgical techniques:—
(a) Vasectomy: — The two vasa deferential of the male are blocked by cutting a small piece of 
tying the rest. This prevents the passage of sperms from testes to semen. 

 (b) Tubectomy:— A portion of both the fallopian tubes is excised to ligated to block the  passage of ovum 
7. Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)
It is a group of infections caused by different types of pathogens that are transmitted by sexual 
contact between a healthy person and an infected person The sexually transmitted diseases are 
also called venereal diseases (VDs). 

 Some 30 different types of STDs are known. Fol example : 
Gonorrhoea, Syphilis, Trichomonas, Genital warts, AIDS.

 Free download the pdf files for the class Xth Science notes in chapter 08.....

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Download the pdf files for the previous chapter of science notes 

 Plz click the below link button and free download the pdf files....

 Class Xth Science chapter 01 pdf files


Class Xth Science chapter 02 pdf files

Class Xth Science chapter 03 pdf files

Class Xth Science chapter 04 pdf files
Class Xth SCIENCE chapter 05 pdf files

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